| [25] | 1 | '\" |
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| 2 | '\" Copyright (c) 1993 The Regents of the University of California. |
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| 3 | '\" Copyright (c) 1994-1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc. |
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| 4 | '\" |
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| 5 | '\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution |
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| 6 | '\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES. |
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| 7 | '\" |
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| 8 | '\" RCS: @(#) $Id: split.n,v 1.10 2007/12/13 15:22:33 dgp Exp $ |
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| 9 | '\" |
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| 10 | .so man.macros |
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| 11 | .TH split n "" Tcl "Tcl Built-In Commands" |
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| 12 | .BS |
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| 13 | '\" Note: do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below! |
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| 14 | .SH NAME |
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| 15 | split \- Split a string into a proper Tcl list |
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| 16 | .SH SYNOPSIS |
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| 17 | \fBsplit \fIstring \fR?\fIsplitChars\fR? |
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| 18 | .BE |
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| 19 | |
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| 20 | .SH DESCRIPTION |
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| 21 | .PP |
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| 22 | Returns a list created by splitting \fIstring\fR at each character |
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| 23 | that is in the \fIsplitChars\fR argument. |
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| 24 | Each element of the result list will consist of the |
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| 25 | characters from \fIstring\fR that lie between instances of the |
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| 26 | characters in \fIsplitChars\fR. |
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| 27 | Empty list elements will be generated if \fIstring\fR contains |
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| 28 | adjacent characters in \fIsplitChars\fR, or if the first or last |
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| 29 | character of \fIstring\fR is in \fIsplitChars\fR. |
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| 30 | If \fIsplitChars\fR is an empty string then each character of |
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| 31 | \fIstring\fR becomes a separate element of the result list. |
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| 32 | \fISplitChars\fR defaults to the standard white-space characters. |
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| 33 | .SH EXAMPLES |
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| 34 | Divide up a USENET group name into its hierarchical components: |
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| 35 | .CS |
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| 36 | \fBsplit\fR "comp.lang.tcl.announce" . |
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| 37 | \fI\(-> comp lang tcl announce\fR |
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| 38 | .CE |
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| 39 | .PP |
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| 40 | See how the \fBsplit\fR command splits on \fIevery\fR character in |
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| 41 | \fIsplitChars\fR, which can result in information loss if you are not |
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| 42 | careful: |
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| 43 | .CS |
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| 44 | \fBsplit\fR "alpha beta gamma" "temp" |
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| 45 | \fI\(-> al {ha b} {} {a ga} {} a\fR |
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| 46 | .CE |
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| 47 | .PP |
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| 48 | Extract the list words from a string that is not a well-formed list: |
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| 49 | .CS |
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| 50 | \fBsplit\fR "Example with {unbalanced brace character" |
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| 51 | \fI\(-> Example with \e{unbalanced brace character\fR |
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| 52 | .CE |
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| 53 | .PP |
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| 54 | Split a string into its constituent characters |
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| 55 | .CS |
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| 56 | \fBsplit\fR "Hello world" {} |
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| 57 | \fI\(-> H e l l o { } w o r l d\fR |
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| 58 | .CE |
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| 59 | .SS "PARSING RECORD-ORIENTED FILES" |
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| 60 | Parse a Unix /etc/passwd file, which consists of one entry per line, |
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| 61 | with each line consisting of a colon-separated list of fields: |
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| 62 | .CS |
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| 63 | ## Read the file |
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| 64 | set fid [open /etc/passwd] |
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| 65 | set content [read $fid] |
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| 66 | close $fid |
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| 67 | |
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| 68 | ## Split into records on newlines |
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| 69 | set records [\fBsplit\fR $content "\en"] |
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| 70 | |
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| 71 | ## Iterate over the records |
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| 72 | foreach rec $records { |
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| 73 | |
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| 74 | ## Split into fields on colons |
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| 75 | set fields [\fBsplit\fR $rec ":"] |
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| 76 | |
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| 77 | ## Assign fields to variables and print some out... |
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| 78 | lassign $fields \e |
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| 79 | userName password uid grp longName homeDir shell |
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| 80 | puts "$longName uses [file tail $shell] for a login shell" |
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| 81 | } |
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| 82 | .CE |
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| 83 | |
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| 84 | .SH "SEE ALSO" |
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| 85 | join(n), list(n), string(n) |
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| 86 | |
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| 87 | .SH KEYWORDS |
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| 88 | list, split, string |
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