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| 3 | <head> |
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| 4 | <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> |
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| 5 | <title>Boost Random Number Library Performance</title> |
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| 6 | </head> |
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| 7 | |
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| 8 | <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000"> |
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| 9 | |
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| 10 | <h1>Random Number Library Performance</h1> |
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| 11 | |
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| 12 | For some people, performance of random number generation is an |
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| 13 | important consideration when choosing a random number generator or a |
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| 14 | particular distribution function. This page provides numerous |
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| 15 | performance tests with the wide variety of generators and |
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| 16 | distributions available in the boost library. |
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| 17 | <p> |
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| 18 | The performance has been evaluated on a Pentium Pro 200 MHz with gcc |
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| 19 | 2.95.2, Linux 2.2.13, glibc 2.1.2. The speed is reported in million |
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| 20 | random numbers per second (M rn/sec), generated in a tight loop. |
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| 21 | <p> |
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| 22 | |
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| 23 | |
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| 24 | <h2>Basic Generators</h2> |
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| 25 | |
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| 26 | <table border="1"> |
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| 27 | |
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| 28 | <tr> |
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| 29 | <th>generator</th> |
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| 30 | <th>M rn/sec</th> |
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| 31 | <th>time per random number [usec]</th> |
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| 32 | <th>relative speed compared to fastest [percent]</th> |
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| 33 | </tr> |
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| 34 | |
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| 35 | <tr> |
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| 36 | <td>rand48</td> |
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| 37 | <td>5.38</td> |
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| 38 | <td>0.183</td> |
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| 39 | <td>61%</td> |
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| 40 | </tr> |
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| 41 | |
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| 42 | <tr> |
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| 43 | <td>rand48 run-time configurable</td> |
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| 44 | <td>1.48</td> |
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| 45 | <td>0.677</td> |
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| 46 | <td>17%</td> |
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| 47 | </tr> |
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| 48 | |
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| 49 | <tr> |
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| 50 | <td>lrand48 glibc 2.1.2</td> |
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| 51 | <td>1.19</td> |
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| 52 | <td>0.843</td> |
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| 53 | <td>13%</td> |
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| 54 | </tr> |
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| 55 | |
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| 56 | <tr> |
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| 57 | <td>minstd_rand</td> |
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| 58 | <td>2.39</td> |
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| 59 | <td>0.318</td> |
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| 60 | <td>35%</td> |
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| 61 | </tr> |
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| 62 | |
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| 63 | <tr> |
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| 64 | <td>ecuyer1988</td> |
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| 65 | <td>1.12</td> |
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| 66 | <td>0.892</td> |
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| 67 | <td>13%</td> |
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| 68 | </tr> |
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| 69 | |
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| 70 | <tr> |
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| 71 | <td>kreutzer1986</td> |
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| 72 | <td>3.87</td> |
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| 73 | <td>0.258</td> |
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| 74 | <td>43%</td> |
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| 75 | </tr> |
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| 76 | |
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| 77 | <tr> |
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| 78 | <td>hellekalek1995 (inversive)</td> |
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| 79 | <td>0.20</td> |
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| 80 | <td>5.12</td> |
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| 81 | <td>2%</td> |
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| 82 | </tr> |
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| 83 | |
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| 84 | <tr> |
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| 85 | <td>mt11213b</td> |
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| 86 | <td>6.07</td> |
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| 87 | <td>0.165</td> |
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| 88 | <td>68%</td> |
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| 89 | </tr> |
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| 90 | |
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| 91 | <tr> |
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| 92 | <td>mt19937</td> |
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| 93 | <td>6.06</td> |
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| 94 | <td>0.165</td> |
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| 95 | <td>68%</td> |
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| 96 | </tr> |
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| 97 | |
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| 98 | <tr> |
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| 99 | <td>mt19937 original</td> |
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| 100 | <td>5.33</td> |
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| 101 | <td>0.188</td> |
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| 102 | <td>60%</td> |
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| 103 | </tr> |
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| 104 | |
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| 105 | <tr> |
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| 106 | <td>lagged_fibonacci607</td> |
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| 107 | <td>8.90</td> |
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| 108 | <td>0.112</td> |
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| 109 | <td>100%</td> |
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| 110 | </tr> |
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| 111 | |
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| 112 | <tr> |
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| 113 | <td>lagged_fibonacci4423</td> |
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| 114 | <td>8.54</td> |
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| 115 | <td>0.117</td> |
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| 116 | <td>96%</td> |
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| 117 | </tr> |
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| 118 | |
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| 119 | <tr> |
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| 120 | <td>lagged_fibonacci19937</td> |
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| 121 | <td>7.49</td> |
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| 122 | <td>0.133</td> |
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| 123 | <td>84%</td> |
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| 124 | </tr> |
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| 125 | |
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| 126 | <tr> |
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| 127 | <td>lagged_fibonacci23209</td> |
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| 128 | <td>6.63</td> |
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| 129 | <td>0.151</td> |
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| 130 | <td>74%</td> |
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| 131 | </tr> |
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| 132 | |
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| 133 | <tr> |
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| 134 | <td>lagged_fibonacci44497</td> |
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| 135 | <td>4.01</td> |
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| 136 | <td>0.250</td> |
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| 137 | <td>45%</td> |
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| 138 | </tr> |
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| 139 | |
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| 140 | </table> |
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| 141 | <p> |
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| 142 | Note that the lagged Fibonacci generators produce floating-point |
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| 143 | numbers, whereas all others produce integers. |
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| 144 | |
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| 145 | <h2>Distributions</h2> |
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| 146 | |
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| 147 | <table border="1"> |
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| 148 | |
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| 149 | <tr> |
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| 150 | <th>[M rn/sec]</th> |
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| 151 | <th>minstd_rand</th> |
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| 152 | <th>kreutzer1986</th> |
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| 153 | <th>mt19937</th> |
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| 154 | <th>lagged_fibonacci607</th> |
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| 155 | </tr> |
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| 156 | |
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| 157 | <tr> |
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| 158 | <th>uniform_smallint</th> |
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| 159 | <td>1.26</td> |
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| 160 | <td>1.55</td> |
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| 161 | <td>1.93</td> |
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| 162 | <td>-</td> |
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| 163 | </tr> |
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| 164 | |
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| 165 | <tr> |
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| 166 | <th>uniform_01</th> |
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| 167 | <td>1.79</td> |
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| 168 | <td>1.88</td> |
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| 169 | <td>3.03</td> |
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| 170 | <td>7.74</td> |
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| 171 | </tr> |
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| 172 | |
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| 173 | <tr> |
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| 174 | <th>uniform_real</th> |
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| 175 | <td>1.74</td> |
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| 176 | <td>1.56</td> |
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| 177 | <td>2.34</td> |
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| 178 | <td>6.62</td> |
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| 179 | </tr> |
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| 180 | |
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| 181 | <tr> |
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| 182 | <th>geometric</th> |
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| 183 | <td>0.593</td> |
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| 184 | <td>0.629</td> |
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| 185 | <td>0.753</td> |
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| 186 | <td>0.916</td> |
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| 187 | </tr> |
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| 188 | |
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| 189 | <tr> |
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| 190 | <th>triangle</th> |
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| 191 | <td>0.97</td> |
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| 192 | <td>1.02</td> |
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| 193 | <td>1.35</td> |
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| 194 | <td>1.31</td> |
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| 195 | </tr> |
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| 196 | |
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| 197 | <tr> |
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| 198 | <th>exponential</th> |
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| 199 | <td>0.849</td> |
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| 200 | <td>0.828</td> |
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| 201 | <td>0.887</td> |
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| 202 | <td>1.53</td> |
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| 203 | </tr> |
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| 204 | |
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| 205 | <tr> |
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| 206 | <th>normal (polar method)</th> |
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| 207 | <td>0.608</td> |
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| 208 | <td>0.626</td> |
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| 209 | <td>0.738</td> |
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| 210 | <td>0.755</td> |
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| 211 | </tr> |
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| 212 | |
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| 213 | <tr> |
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| 214 | <th>lognormal</th> |
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| 215 | <td>0.417</td> |
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| 216 | <td>0.442</td> |
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| 217 | <td>0.470</td> |
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| 218 | <td>0.481</td> |
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| 219 | </tr> |
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| 220 | |
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| 221 | <tr> |
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| 222 | <th>uniform_on_sphere</th> |
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| 223 | <td>0.154</td> |
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| 224 | <td>0.155</td> |
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| 225 | <td>0.174</td> |
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| 226 | <td>0.218</td> |
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| 227 | </tr> |
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| 228 | |
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| 229 | </table> |
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| 230 | <p> |
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| 231 | Note that the lagged Fibonacci generator is at least 2.5 times faster |
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| 232 | than the Mersenne twister when generating uniformly distributed |
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| 233 | floating-point numbers. For more sophisticated distributions, the |
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| 234 | speed improvement is less. Note however that these distributions have |
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| 235 | not been optimized for speed, yet. |
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| 236 | <p> |
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| 237 | <hr> |
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| 238 | Jens Maurer, 2001-04-15 |
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| 239 | |
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| 240 | </body> |
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| 241 | </html> |
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